Wolfgand Amadeus Mozart
Le Nozze di Figaro

Chorus and Orchestra of the Metropolitan Opera
Paul Breisach conductor
1943

Contents

ADD Series Producer: Jonathan Wearn - Restoration: Richard Caniell, IPRMS, British Columbia, Canada - Series consultant: Keith Hardwick

Reviews for CD 2203-05 La Nozze di Figaro

OPERA NOW – Simon Trezise, May / June 2002

Simon Trezise raves about some Immortal Performances

The same batch brings us what is for me the best sung Le Nozze di Figaro on record. Words fail me on this one: the performance is so ravishing that one wants every number to last twice as long. The singers are Pinza (Figaro), Sayao (Susanna), Novoma (Cherubino), Brownlee (Count), Steber (Countess), and Baccaloni (Bartolo). All have their own distinctive colour and expressive response, so one doesn't get a hint of the bland, generalized quality of many recent sets . . . . The sound is excellent.

Classical Music on the Web - January 2002

Wofgang Amadeus MOZART
LE NOZZE DI FIGARO
Sung in Italian

Libretto by Lorenzo da Ponte after Beaumarchais
First performance 1 May 1786, Burgtheater, Vienna
Figaro - Ezio Pinza (bass-baritone)
Susanna - Bidú Sayão (soprano)
Cherubino - Jarmila Novotna (mezzo soprano)
Il Conte Almaviva - John Brownlee (baritone)
Il Contessa Almaviva - Eleanor Steber (soprano)
Dr Bartolo - Salvatore Baccaloni (bass)
Marcellina - Hertza Glaz (mezzo soprano)
Don Basilio - Alessio de Paolis (tenor)
Don Curzio - John Garris (tenor)
Barbarina - Marita Farell (soprano)
Antonio - Louis D’Angelo (bass)
Chorus and Orchestra of the Metropolitan Opera, New York
Paul Breisach (conductor)
Recorded live in April 1943

STANDARD HOUR CONCERT

Bidú Sayão (soprano)
Eugene Conley (tenor)
Orchestra and Chorus of the San Francisco Opera
Gaetano Merola (conductor)

Lalo: Vainement, ma bien-amé (Le Roi d’Ys)

Gounod: Le Roi de Thulé and Jewel Song (Faust)

Boito: L’altra notte in fondo al mare ( Mefistofele )

Massenet: Ah fuyez, douce image and J’ai marqué l’heure du départ (Manon)
Recorded live on 28 September 1951

GUILD HISTORICAL 2203/5 [196’ 12"]

This is a wonderful performance of Figaro taken live from the Met during the Second World War, the cast as good as anyone could surely wish for, though I do have one reservation. Guild Music has an association with Immortal Performances which has an archive of first-generation historic broadcasts from the 1930s and 1940s. This initial release (a complete 1937 Siegfried, excerpts from a 1928 Boris Godunov with Chaliapin, and all of Act 2 of Parsifal from 1938 are the other mouth-watering offerings) sets a standard hard to beat. All the discs are transfers from the original transcription discs master tapes, and the complete Toscanini concerts are also planned.

Regrettably Bruno Walter’s performances of this production earlier in 1943 were not up to transferable standard but one is assured that Paul Breisach takes over with very little change. His tempi occasionally hurry but lapses in ensemble are rare, and when they are, it is either the drama which has caused it, or distant upstage singing. Act Four has a rushed conclusion which almost leaves the timpanist behind but he does catch up. The audience is fully involved, laughs when you expect them to (Cherubino, the Count and THAT chair, the revelation to Susanna of Figaro’s parentage in the Sextet in Act 3, the slaps he gets in Acts 3 and 4, and Antonio’s denial that he saw a horse jump down from the window in Act 2), showing that they knew their Italian, and their opera, without the aid of surtitles. The only irritant is the applause which greets each new character on his or her first appearance (and therefore covers Mozart’s glorious music), though is it critical discernment which makes them deny this accolade to John Brownlee as Count Almaviva? If so I must agree with them. Despite his Glyndebourne pedigree nine years before, his wooden delivery comes not within a mile of the combined artistry of Ezio Pinza or Salvatore Baccaloni - it’s all terribly British and disappointingly dull until his Act 3 aria where at last, and not a moment too late, he begins to unbutton vocally and respond to the vocal glories of his colleagues which surround him. Pinza is in glorious voice, dynamic and powerfully dramatic when his ire is aroused but his voice never forces nor loses its natural beauty, and one can see Baccaloni as one listens to his vivid and personable portrayal of Doctor Bartolo.

The women are simply glorious without exception, wonderfully moving singing by the Bruno Walter protégée Steber (this was her broadcast debut), a bright and bubbly performance by Sayão as Susanna. When the two of them sing the Letter Duet one could wish for nothing more on this mortal coil, it really is that ravishing a blend. There’s an ardent Cherubino from the stunning Novotna, and the usual antics from Marcellina and Barbarina, Glaz and Farell respectively.

The orchestra is excellent, the continuo playing regrettably on a piano (but that must be expected from those days), with the player occasionally failing to keep the action moving after arias or ensembles thanks to persistent audience applause, and one senses his frustration. On the whole the sound is good (a few dips here and there), some spots had to have inserts from a different broadcast (but with the same cast of course) when the original was unacceptable, there’s noise here and there apart from stage sounds and footfalls, and the prompter’s audibility is an irritant - one wonders that he would be needed with such a cast, but again that’s a small price to pay for the vocal glories of this set, anyway but it all adds to the flavour of the performance and to the sense of occasion.

The filler is an hour of a post-war broadcast concert, the spoken commentary between numbers retained despite its rather black-and-white film stilted delivery, but it gives a chance to hear the Brazilian Sayão again in more pyrotechnical music (eight years after Figaro , the voice has more body the lower range more textual colour), while the American tenor Eugene Conley is very impressive in his Lalo and Massenet arias. The final track is an eloquent and raptuorous account by both singers (in an excellent blend) of the duet which concludes the first act of Manon , excellent that is apart from Conley’s execrable spoken French.

I cannot recommend this Figaro set highly enough.

Christopher Fifield

International Record Review - April 02

Mozart: Le nozze di Figaro.

Ezio Pinza (bass) Figaro; Bidú Sayão (soprano) Susanna; John Brownlee (baritorie) Count Almaviva; Eleanor Steber (soprano) Countess Almaviva; Jarmila Novotna (mezzo) Cherubino; Herta Glaz (mezzo) Marcellina; Salvatore Baccaloni (bass) Bartolo; Alessio de Paolis (tenor) Don Basilio; John Garris (tenor) Don Curzio; Louis d'Angelo (baritone) Antonio; Marita Farell (soprano) Barbarina; Eugene Conley (tenor); Chorus and Orchestra of the Metropolitan Opera, New York/Paul Breisach; Chorus and Orchestra of the San Francisco Opera/Gaetano Merola.

Guild Immortal Performances mono CD 2203/5 (super-budget price, three discs, 3 hours 16 minutes, ADD). With broadcast commentaries.Remastering EngineerRichard Caniell. Date Broadcast performances from Metropolitan Opera, New York, in 1943, Standard Hour Concert on September 28th, 1951.

Boito Mefistofele - L'altra notte in fondo al mare. Gounod Faust - Le Roi de Thule; Ah! Je ris (Jewel Song). Lalo Le Roi d'Ys - Vainement, ma bien-aimé. Massenet Manon - Ah fuyez, douce image; J'ai marqué l'heure du départ.

Comparisons:

Mozart:

Dorngraf-Fassbaender, Mildmay, Henderson, Rautawaara et al, Glyndebourne Fest Chor and Orch/F. Busch (Pearl) GEMMCDS9375 (1934-35)
Pinza, Sayão, Brownlee, Rethberg et al, Metropolitan Op Chor and Orch/Panizza (Arkadia) GA2005 (1940) Pinza, Réthy, Stabile, Rautawaara et al, Vienna State Op Chor, VPO/Walter (Arkadia) 2CD50004 (1937)

Following the 1943 spring tour, the Metropolitan Opera's Figaro returned to New York for additional performances, including a broadcast. Under conductor Paul Breisach, the Overture is performed authoritatively, but later, stage and pit are not always in sync, with portions of the more heavily populated scenes occasionally turning raucous or frantic. Breisach does frequently get things just right, particularly in more restrained moments (for example, the ideally buoyant tempo for the Letter Duet and the nicely airy orchestral underpinning for Susanna's Act 4 aria). Ultimately, nothing seriously hinders the teamwork achieved in earlier performances under Ettore Panizza and Bruno Walter.

Heading the cast are Pinza and Sayão, whose irrepressible personalities burst through one's speakers. The bass is this performance's lynchpin - a Figaro of almost startlingly vivid vocal presence, every phrase uttered with extraordinary spontaneity, the recitatives delivered as genuine 'sung speech'. Only the high Fs of the opening scene find him wanting; otherwise the portrayal is incomparable, culminating in a knowing, dangerous, memorably sarcastic account of the Act 4 soliloquy. Sayão is very much the Latin spitfire, failing to convince only in the excessive coyness of her Act 3 dialogue with the Count. Her 'Deh, vieni' is thoughtfully conceived and exquisitely phrased.

Although not in consistently mellifluous voice, Novotna makes a sensitive and charming Cherubino, partnered by Farell's unusually full-voiced Barbarina. Glaz is a blessedly unexaggerated Marcellina, supporting Baccaloni's inimitable, gloriously pompous Bartolo. Both comprimario tenors contribute strongly, as does d'Angelo's Antonio.

As for the Almavivas, he is a disappointment, she a triumph. While not exactly letting the side down, Brownlee sings rather stiffly, with little beauty or variety. Steber, however, ravishes the ear and, at just 27, displays a magnificent technique. Even in the most agitated moments of Act 2, her tone retains its glow. Vocally speaking, she compares favourably with any Countess on disc. Her Italian, like Brownlee's, is hardly authentic, and the characterization could be more probing (Steber would interpret in far greater detail as the Met's Fiordiligi and Donna Anna in the 1950s), but the required vulnerability and dignity are already evident.

The audience applauds at the slightest provocation. The recorded sound varies wildly, but even at its most muffled and noisy, it does not seriously compromise one’s enjoyment. No libretto, just a synopsis, an effusive essay about the performance and biographies of Pinza, Sayão, Steber and Novotna (no Brownlee, which is disgraceful – he is left off the CD cover as well). All in all, not a Figaro for anyone seeking a single performance, but invaluable as a historical supplement and vocally almost uniformly superior to the legendary Glyndebourne recording of 1934 (sacrilegious though it may be to say so!).

Completing the third disc are 1951 performances by Sayão and tenor Eugene Conley, sabotaged by a stodgy conductor. The soprano’s Marguerite, surprisingly, is less effective than her Margherita (a riveting ‘L’altra notte’, lacking only an effective trill). Sayão’s delectable Manon inspires her partner in their duet. Conley is handicapped by very American French, but we would welcome his secure, manly sound today.

Roger Pines

MusicWeb - 2002

Wofgang Amadeus MOZART
LE NOZZE DI FIGARO
Sung in Italian

Guild Music's "Immortal Performances", a series of operas and orchestral works derived from broadcasts, was launched in January 2002. The sources come via the Immortal Performances Recorded Music Society and Richard Canniel who have had access to NBC (American) broadcast transcriptions and preservations made for singers, from the 1930s and 1940s. These first generation tapes, originally made in the late 1940s, have been subject to restorative techniques aimed specifically at preserving the overtones of the voice and instruments, as well as the original acoustic; no electronic reverberation has been added. Where, as was often the case with NBC, more than one performance of an opera was broadcast in a season, the choice has been made on the basis of the best sounding performance available. On these facts it is claimed that this series represents "The Finest in Broadcast Recordings". Many will also be heartened to see the name of Keith Hardwick as "Series Consultant. Certainly the NBC opera broadcasts from the Met, which continue to this day, have casts and conductors which read like a roll-call of the greatest, just as they often still do. If the series' aims are realised by the discs issued, it will be a veritable treasure-trove of pleasure for collectors. It should, perhaps, be pointed out more clearly that an unusual degree of artistic licence has been used in these transfers to CD in that where masters were found to be in poor condition, insertions have been made from other performances, usually, but not always, involving the same cast and conductor. While the reasons are laudable, some purists may find this unacceptable. It will be incumbent on reviewers to point out these insertions when present.

The 1942-43 season at the Met, was memorable for the series of performances of Figaro under the baton of Bruno Walter and which are the basis of this set. Regrettably, Richard Caniell tells us in his note, the broadcast under Walter is far inferior in sound to this post-tour performance under Breisach, who provides a well-paced and pointed contribution with good control of ensemble. Walter, contentiously, had chosen the young Eleanor Steber as the Countess. Born 1916, she had made her Met debut barely two years before as Sophie in Rosenkavalier, and the management had reservations. In no way can her tone be described as refulgent or creamy as Te Kanawa's was when she was launched in the same part at Covent Garden in 1971. Steber's is a girlish Countess with a light silvery tone. Her Porgi Amor (CD1 tr19) lacks nothing in expression. There is no vocal confusion with the spunky fuller toned Susanna of Bidu Sayao, who in her 16 seasons at the Met, sang 12 roles including Rosina, Violetta (much admired ), Adina and Gilda. Here, she holds a lovely line, bringing great nuance and expression to her singing; she sparkles throughout. Her Deh vieni (CD3 tr6) shows her strengths to perfection. The third major female singing role, that of the trousers role of Cherubino, is taken by Jarmila Novotna. Born in Prague in 1907 she had a considerable career in Europe before arriving at the Met in 1940. (She had sung Adina with Schipa, Gilda with Lauri-Volpi, and Butterfly with Tauber with whom she sang the world premiere of Lehár's Giuditta- quite a list!). In sixteen seasons with the Company she sang 205 performances of 14 roles. Although later she sang Orlofsky and Octavian she did not dwell in the mezzo fach. A woman of grace and beauty she must have made a great impression as Cherubino with vocal heft and colourful tone.

The men in the cast are equally distinguished. The eponymous hero is sung by the great Ezio Pinza. Born 1892, he spent 22 seasons at the Met.(1926-48), before going over to musicals including South Pacific's "Some Enchanted Evening", giving. 878 performances of 52 roles in 48 operas. As Figaro he gives a firm toned, vocally secure performance with a wide range of expression; nuances with his native language are a listening pleasure, even if his tone and phrasing are not as mellifluous as Taddei's for Giulini or Siepi's for Kleiber; both compatriots. However, Pinza's tonal bite (allied, could we but see it, to his renowned histrionic ability), make this a formidable portrayal. The Count of John Brownlee, well known as Don Giovanni at pre-war Glyndebourne, and who sang 20 seasons at the Met. (1937-57), is no match for Pinza as a vocal actor, but his firm full-toned singing has bite; plenty of electricity sparks between this master and his servant!

Of the other singers, the most distinguished by reputation and performance is the Bartolo of Salvatore Baccaloni. Much admired in buffo roles, one senses that the audience were feeding from every vocal nuance and facial expression. He scarcely finishes his aria before applause breaks in.

The usual theatre cuts common at the time are applied. This allows 37 minutes, including commentary, of extracts from a Standard Hour Concert given by Bidu Sayao and tenor Eugene Conley in San Francisco in September 1951. Sayao's is the voice to listen to, particularly the two extracts from Manon.

Back to Figaro. It is a sparkling performance, very well sung and conducted and, sound-wise, easy to listen to. The voices are heard to better effect than the more recessed orchestra. Yes, there are some clicks and surface noise from time to time. Those used to listening to live, or studio, recordings from this period will find little to object to and much to enjoy. However, the matter of applause is more contentious. Then, as now, Met. audiences give regular vent to applause, not only at the end of arias and acts, but often on the lifting of a curtain or the entrance of a favourite singer. This has an inevitable effect on the frisson of a live performance.

The booklet provides track listings, photographs and biographical details of the singers, and detailed comments on the performances and the selections made. Interpolations from a different broadcast, with the same cast, that "amount to 5 minutes in Act. 1, some 6 minutes in Act. 2, two instances of three minutes in Act 3 and a very short patch in Act 4" are noted.

Robert J Farr